What is a VOF? Advantages, disadvantages & when to choose one

What is a VOF? The VOF (Vennootschap Onder Firma, or SNC in French) is the fastest and cheapest way to start a business together. A private deed, costs under EUR 200, and you are ready. No notary, no minimum capital, no published annual accounts. Popular among duo-starters: husband/wife teams, siblings, freelance combinations. The downside: all partners are unlimitedly and jointly liable. But for many starters, the simplicity outweighs the risk, especially as a test phase before moving to a BV.

Short answer

A VOF (Vennootschap Onder Firma / SNC) is the cheapest way to start a business with a partner. A private deed is sufficient (under EUR 200). All partners are unlimitedly liable, but for small duo-entrepreneurs who trust each other, the extreme simplicity often outweighs the risk.

Advantages

Start for under EUR 200

A private deed is sufficient, no notary required

No minimum capital

Start with what you have: money, labour or goods, no minimum

Legal personality

The VOF can enter into contracts and own property itself

Flexible contributions

One partner contributes money, the other labour. Ideal for unequal contributions

No published annual accounts

More discretion than a BV

Ideal as a test phase

Prove your concept together, switch to a BV when it grows

Disadvantages

Unlimited liability

All partners are liable with their entire personal estate

Joint and several liability

If your partner incurs debts, creditors can also come to you

At least two partners

You cannot set up a VOF on your own

Trust is everything

Without complete trust in your partner, a VOF is a ticking time bomb

When to choose?

  • Husband/wife team, siblings or close friends who want to start a business together
  • Small webshop, freelance combination or local services with limited risk
  • Test phase: prove a concept together before investing in a BV
  • You want to start quickly and cheaply without a notary or administrative burden

When not?

  • You do not know your partner well enough to put your house on the line
  • You are taking financial risks (debts, staff, large contracts)
  • You expect to grow quickly: start with a BV right away

3. Not sure?

Most entrepreneurs hesitate between a few legal forms. Here are the most common comparisons.

VOF vs. BV

The BV costs more to set up (notary required) but protects your personal assets. With a VOF you are unlimitedly liable. The VOF only makes sense if you want to save on notary costs and fully trust your partner.

VOF vs. partnership

Both have unlimited liability and no minimum capital. The difference: a VOF has legal personality (can enter into contracts itself), a partnership does not. A VOF is published, a partnership is completely discreet.

How many VOF's are there in Belgium?

View the exact figures, top cities, popular sectors and age distribution.

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4. Frequently asked questions

What is a VOF?

A VOF (Vennootschap Onder Firma / SNC) is a company with legal personality where all partners are unlimitedly and jointly liable. No notary or minimum capital required.

What is the difference between a VOF and a partnership?

A VOF has legal personality and is published. A partnership does not. Both have unlimited liability.

Why would I choose a VOF over a BV?

Only if you want to avoid notary costs and fully trust your partner. In all other cases, a BV is safer.

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